Joseph Kosuth en
Art & Language
Joseph Kosuth en de Art & Language kunstenaars (Terry
Atkinson, David Bainbridge, Michael Baldwin, Harold Hurrell,
Ian Burn, Mel Ramsden, Philip Pilkington, David Rushton) hebben
zich vanaf 1969 toegelegd op een theoretische kunstvorm die
ze "conceptual art" noemden. Hun ideaal leek Hegel-achtig
van aard te zijn: het samenvallen van kunst, kunstkritiek, esthetische
theorie en politieke filosofie. De productie van deze kunstenaars
bestond daarom in belangrijke mate uit opstellen over esthetica
en epistemologie, en over hun eigen werk en dat van hun voorlopers,
collega's en concurrenten.
Desondanks maakten Kosuth en de Art & Language kunstenaars
ook verbale en anderszins minimale of onzichtbare museum-kunstwerken.
Volgens sommige van hun theoretische essays wordt in die gevallen
het eigenlijke kunstwerk geconstitueerd door de discourse die
het museum-kunstwerk oproept. (Zoals in de theorie over de "minimal
art" gesteld wordt dat het niet gaat om het minimale kunstwerk
zelf, maar om zijn relatie met de beschouwer en de omringende
ruimte.)
"The propositions of
art are not factual, but linguistic in character, that is, they
do not describe the behavior of physical or even mental objects:
they express definitions of art, or the formal consequences
of definitions of art."
Joseph Kosuth: "Art After Philosophy
I & II."
Studio International, October/November 1969.
"With the unassisted Ready-Made, art changed its focus
from the form of the language to what was being said. Which
means that it changed the nature of art from a question of morphology
to a question of function. This change one from `appearance«
to `conception« was the beginning of `modern« art and
the beginning of `conceptual« art."
Joseph Kosuth: "Art after
Philosophy, part I",
Studio International, October 1969, p. 135.
"The `purest« definition of conceptual art
would be that it is inquiry into the foundation of the concept
`art«, as it has come to mean."
Joseph Kosuth: "Art after
Philosophy, part II",
Studio International, November 1969, p. 160.
Question 14: "How
am I supposed to interpret Kosuth's departure from formalism?"
Answer: "To us it seems that typography is a part of
formalism since it has an aesthetic value no matter whether
it conveys a philosophical message or not . . . are you implying
that we should use another font face?"
My sense of language is
that it is matter and not ideas - i.e., "printed matter".
Aus der Kunst eine philosophische Frage
machen . . ., heißt das nicht die Herrschaftsgeste der
Philosophie wiederholen, die immer schon die Kunst dem Logos
und der Wahrheit unterordnen wollte und die bezeichnenderweise
immer schon an die Spitze der Hierarchie die Sprachkünste,
die Poesie gestellt hat?
Sarah Kofman: Melancholie
der Kunst, Graz & Wien, 1986.
[@ Sigrid Schade: "Die Kunst des Kommentars."
Kunstforum International Vol. 100 (April/May 1989).]
Bibliography:
ART-LANGUAGE. The Journal of Conceptual Art. Vol. 1 nos.
1-3 (May 1969-June 1970); vol. 2 no. 1 (February 1972). Edited
by Terry Atkinson, David Bainbridge, Michael Baldwin, Harold
Hurrell. Published by Art and Language Press. Contributors
include Sol LeWitt, Dan Graham, Ian Burn, Philip Pilkington,
Graham Howard.
Thomas Dreher: "Art
& Language UK (1966-72): Maps and Models." In: Oliver
Jahraus, Nina Ort and Benjamin Marius Schmidt (eds.): Beobachtungen
des Unbeobachtbaren. Konzepte radikaler Theoriebildung in den
Geisteswissenschaften. Weilerswist: VelbrŸck Verlag, 2000,
pp. 169-198.
THE FOX. Nos. 1-3. New York, 1975-1976. Edited by Sarah
Charlesworth, Michael Corris, Preston Heller, Joseph Kosuth,
Andrew Menard, Mel Ramsden. Published by the Art and Language
Foundation. Contributions by the editors and Michael Baldwin,
Philip Pilkington, Ian Burn, Adrian Piper, Michael Corris, Zoran
Popovic, Paul Wood, Lynn Lemaster, Terry Smith, Ron White, Karl
Beveridge, Trevor Pateman, Jasna Tijardovic, David Rushton,
Martha Rosler, Terry Atkinson.
G. W. F. Hegel: THE
PHENOMENOLOGY OF MINDÊ (1807)
Joseph Kosuth: "Art after Philosophy, Part I / Part II." Studio
International, October/November 1969.
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